In soap making, especially if it is soap with caustic soda and oil, one of the most important parts of the process is the...
In soap making, especially if it is soap with caustic soda and oil, one of the most important parts of the process is the...
Very good explanation thank you
Thanks for the comment 🙂
Hello, I am interested to know how many grams of soap are produced with the final quantities you determined.
300 ml olive oil
36.72 g caustic soda
90-120 ml water
I use the same amount of water as oil and it works well.
If you add the same amount of water as oil, it will be more difficult for it to set at room temperature (curdle). It is better to use the proportions indicated there.
Can anyone tell me if the same formula can be applied to virgin sunflower oil, i.e. unused oil, to make soap. Since I always see people talking about used or recycled oil. I applied 1 litre of water to 1 litre of oil and 360 grams of soda. The mixture has mirrored but it has taken a long time to harden in the mould. The colouring has also changed colour. Only the one that remained on the walls of the container in which I prepared it kept the colour. Please someone with experience who can help me. cruzarencibianoel7@gmail.com
seeks the saponification reaction of the oil
Good morning, you have miscalculated the 10% that is added to the mixture. In the calculation you have added a 90% instead of a 10%. Best regards
You add extra 10% in fat, not in soda. What you want is an excess in fatty acids to ensure that all the hydroxide reacts and you have no trace of alkali in the soap (neutral ph).
Greetings
The soda can also be reduced by 10 % of that needed by multiplying by 0.90.
Hello, my question would be that amount of soda to put for oily skins, my name is jacinto and my mail, jacinto_maquina@outlook.esThank you very much, and congratulations for the post.
Hello, instead of subtracting 10% of soda, add 10% and this produces a de-entrainment. It is important to wait the thirty days to complete the saponification.
Hi, very good explanation, you make it easy to understand.
How to calculate if I add milk to the olive oil, I would have to know how much water the milk contains? being raw milk or freshly milked milk. Congratulations
Best regards
i am using soybean oil that i got in bulk (raw for export) i.e. it is not refined or packaged and the soap does not set. what do you suggest me?
You may have poured too much water
Use a saponification calculator, such as mendrulandia, and they will tell you the exact quantities you need to use. The soda has to be very pure +98% to make a good soap.
Fantastic post! I'm going to try it right now! Thank you!
if I have 350gm of soda ash, how much animal oil should I calculate?
what type of animal oil (pork, chicken, beef, other) ?
Thank you very much for your information, it has been a great help to me.
Very interesting. Thank you very much for sharing the information in such a clear way. This is just what I was looking for.
Hello, where did you get this information from? It is very useful for secondary school homework, but for the Bachillerato they ask us to put the bibliographic source, i.e. book or scientific journal. Or is it that you did the saponification experiment and the data obtained are yours, that is, you are the authors of this data? I need to put it in the homework.
Look for a saponification table and there you get the information about the indexes for each type of oil or fat.
Hi, I tried for 1000ml of canola oil, 134gr of soda... But I diluted the soda in 300ml of water, and I can't get the soda to dissolve. Is it the quality of the product?
Greetings
Hello, caustic soda is completely soluble in water, so it should be diluted.
?????????
ahhhh yes, I think so...! dilute it for that is the calculation of water
Water and oil are put in a water bath and the soda is added to the oil little by little, the chemical reaction is very strong.
Yes it is the quality of the Soda. I once used one that instead of heating up with the chemical reaction, it turned cold but the soap came out. I don't know how but it came out.
If I add aloe vera and make it with goat's milk, the quantities are the same.
That is, if I don't use water but goat's milk. The quantity is the same as if it were water.
And if I also add aloe vera, that means that the amount of water or milk, in my case, has to vary.
Soda should be dissolved in water, not in milk.... which ignores.....
I don't think it's ignorance if you're just learning. Besides, you are right, milk is also a liquid, so it might not curdle afterwards.
It can also be dissolved in milk and if you think you are ignorant, please explain, thank you.
ignorance (from the Latin ignorare, 'not to know') is yours, Genova, to answer like that and to assume that we all know as much as you think we do... I'm sure you'll do well in life with those forms, you've already learned everything.
❤
It seems to me a most correct and elegant answer, there are people out there, I mean out there .... who are like the joke:
"Which bothers you more,...Ignorance or Arrogance,...to which he replies: I don't know, nor do I care".
We are not all born learned like some people, which I doubt.
In my case I have been doing it for quite some time and I use this formula from my grandmother and it works quite well:
900gr. virgin olive oil (1 litre)
150 gr. NaOH (Soda)
290 ml. H2O (water)
And I get about 15 normal pills.
I let it saponise for about 30 days
Greetings
THANK YOU, SUCCESS
Gentlemen, stop this Byzantine discussion, everyone is right. There is 850 ml of water in 1 litre of milk anyway. We are almost talking about water. Calm down 🤦🏻♂️👍🏻
I MADE IT WITH COCONUT MILK BUT SO THAT THE SODA DOESN'T BURN THE MILK I PUT A LITTLE BIT OF FROZEN WATER IN IT AND IT CAME OUT PERFECTLY.
You take out the percentage of water in the milk, and some of the water will be taken out of the milk, not all of it, The NaOH must be dissolved in water, the very low pH will destroy the lactose into dextrose and sucrose and the milk will lose its properties. After adding the NaOH solution and water to the oils, I suggest you use a whisk on the lowest speed and keep mixing for about 10 minutes, add the milk and the Aloe Vera (sabila) and once the dissolution is finished, transfer it to moulds and dry it (curing).
I hope to help you I also make soaps.
Don't be offended but you should respect and not call people ignorant, we are all ignorant in some subject and by asking questions we get out of our doubts.
Good morning
HELLO I DIDN'T UNDERSTAND YOUR COMMENT, COULD YOU EXPLAIN ME WITH AN EXAMPLE.
Hello Edgar, thank you very much for your valuable clarification, as I am very interested in doing as much as I can myself, I found this clarification about adding milk to the soap worthwhile.
Blessings
Totally agree. Thank you very much for your kind reply <3
Saponification is carried out on fats, also called fatty acids. If you use milk, you must know how much fat it contains (it varies from 3 to 5% by volume). In addition, some of the sodium hydroxide will be used to neutralise the milk.
It is always convenient to have the sodium hydroxide dissolved in water, 30% solution (300gr of hydroxide to one litre with water), this allows to have a good ratio of water to oil.
To obtain a 30% solution, 300 g of soda would have to be mixed with 700 g (ml) of water.
Once the soda has been hydrated with water, how long does it last without losing its properties to make soap?
lower the temperature of the bleach, i.e. dissolve the soda in the water and add oil to the temperature of the bleach, approximately 45 degrees.
I didn't understand how to do the operation in this part: To this value you have to apply the overfatting, e.g. for a dry skin of 10% - >
40.8 grams x (1-0.1)=36.72 grams of caustic soda, or
57 x (1-0.1)=51.3 grams of potassium soda.
I multiply 40.8 x (1-0.1)---This is the part I don't understand, the part in brackets.
1 – 0,1 = 0,9
0,9 x 40,8 =36,72
By multiplying by (1-0'1)=0'9 = 90% of soda, you put 10% less soda, so the oil ratio increases.
VERY GOOD COMMENTS. THE IRCHE THING IS EXACTLY OUT OF IGNORANCE. WE ARE LEARNING AND ANY QUESTION IS VALID. YOU REALLY SHOULDN'T USE MILK. THANKS FOR THE INFORMATION. VERY GOOD!!!
Milk cannot be used, because soda in contact with water makes an exothermic reaction of 65 to 70 °C, which can burn, the soda is dissolved in water to create the union of all the components. Milk contains properties that do not allow the union and saponification of the oils to take place. It is not ignorance, we all have doubts when we learn something new.
This information is very helpful. Thank you
Hi Rocío. What if you mix the water with powdered milk. Wouldn't it be useful to bind it with the caustic soda?
What about using powdered milk ?
What concentration should the soda be? There is 99 % soda, 70 % soda, 27 % soda which concentration?
used in the formula ?
VERY GOOD ARTICLE.
UNFORTUNATE ABOUT THE MILK.
THE REASON IS THAT WATER ALMOST COMPLETELY DECOMPOSES THE HYDROXIDE. THIS IONISES AND ALLOWS THE CHEMICAL REACTION TO TAKE PLACE. THE PRESENCE OF ORGANICS (MILK) IN THE SOLUTION MODIFIES THE CONDITIONS AND DOES NOT ALLOW THE REQUIRED PRODUCT TO BE REACHED.
Hi, I saw a recipe where instead of water they dissolve the soda in orange juice, is that possible without the juice losing its properties?
hello what happens if i made a mistake and put one more portion of soda, but the soap still remains, it is no longer an act to use thanks?
Hello
The best thing to do would be to measure the pH, as it is most likely that the higher amount of soda has not reacted with the oil and has left you with a very high pH and therefore corrosive to the skin.
Greetings
Why is the overfatting multiplied by the grams x (1-.1)? Can someone explain to me where that 1 comes from?
It is not (1-1) ; it is (1-0,1) = 0,9 and 0,9 is equivalent to multiplying by the 90% . In other words, if you want to take the 90% out of a quantity, multiply by 0.9. Example 450grams*0,9= 405 grams
What happens if I want to add oats? Do I have to calculate it?
Excellent explanation. Just what I was looking for. Thank you!
Thank you!
Nice article! How do I measure the PH?
Hello you start explaining with 300 ml. Of oil x, my query is. My scale measures in grams. How do I know that I am weighing those 300ml. Since I see that you pass unit of measurement then all in grams. I hope you answer me thank you very much
Hello, if you know the density of the oil, you would have to convert the mass to volume (volume=mass/density). But the most convenient way is to use a jug with a volume graduation to measure the ml. I hope I have helped you. Best regards!
The 300 ml will not be measured by the scales, it is better to buy a plastic cup that has different measurements and is very practical in the kitchen, it measures different things, both liquids and solids, sugar, flour... in gr. and liquids in ml. It will always come in handy, and I'm sure you can also have any little jar that you can measure in litres or ml.
Hello I am from Chile and I am making my first soaps and I have a very big doubt, I am making a litre of sunflower oil and a litre of water. And 150 grs of soda. Will my recipe be ok? Please help me. And the other thing is that I made one and it is drying very well but it has some little things like crystals, I don't know why. Thank you and love
Help to make a litre of sunflower oil. How much water should I put and caustic soda please. Thank you!
The crystals are because the Soda was not dissolved well...
137 gr caustic soda and 300 ML water
What is the minimum concentration of caustic soda?
We are talking about caustic soda 100%, otherwise you would have to apply a correction factor, but it is not difficult to find caustic soda 100%.
Please state the minimum concentration of soda flakes or pearls.
hello, I have a comment regarding the calculations made in this document for saponification. The calculations shown are incorrect, because as far as I understand it, the saponification table relates the mass of oil (and not the volume) to the mass of strong base to be used, i.e. for 300g of olive oil the procedure is as described (and does not correspond to the calculation for 300mL):
300×0.136=40.8 grams of caustic soda (NaOH) or if we prefer to use potassium soda
300×0.190=57 grams of potassium soda (KOH)
I should clarify that the density of the oil will not necessarily be 1g/mL and therefore 300mL is not the same as 300g for olive oil.
Finally the percentage of water present in the soap is actually between 30% and 40% but this percentage is by mass so for every 100g of oil you should use approximately 30g or 40g of water.
Hello, if I want to use more than one oil... How should I do the calculations?
I have read that it is better to use distilled water, is this so? why? thank you! can I use used or burnt oil? thank you very much!
Hello to all those who want to use used or burnt oils, you can clean the oil first in a very simple way and you will have a clean oil and an excellent soap. first put the dirty oil in a pot add enough water so that it can move to loosen the dirt and take it to the game until it boils stirring occasionally. take it out of the kit and pour it into a tub so it cools down and the grease stays separated from the water. remove the grease and repeat until the grease is clean. and that's it. i did it and it paid off even with rancid oils .
I value all this information, Thank you!
I would like to know how it fits into a caustic soda of 99%.
Thank you for the explanation,
Please check your examples, the saponification index is a weight ratio between alkali and oil, therefore you cannot multiply a given volume value (ml, lts.etc.) and get a result in weight (gr, kg, etc.)..... You must multiply values in weight (gr, kg, etc.) to get results in weight (gr, kg, etc.).
Your example should read, we have 300 ML of olive oil which is weighed and that weight value is multiplied by the saponification index.....
300 ml of olive oil weigh approx. 270 grams, so 270 X 0.136 = 36.7 grams of NaOH or 270 X 0.190 = 51 grams of NaOH. Of NaOH or 270 X 0,190 = 51 grams. Of KOH..... then the values change and consequently the results.
Hello
I want to learn how to make soap with pig fat and caustic soda.
I have 10 litres of pig fat and one kilo of caustic soda. How much water and caustic soda does the 10 litres contain?
If possible, I would like to receive the answer to what I want to do.
Thank you
Hello, excellent explanation! I would like to know if it is necessary to add a preservative when we overfat the soap, and part of the oil does not saponify. If so, which ones do you recommend? Thank you!
Vitamin E
Fantastic, everything well explained, thank you very much.
Excellent explanation .
My query is :
- if apart from the additional 10% of oil, I want to add honey or aloe vera.
Is it possible to maintain consistency?
Wouldn't the aloe vera decompose?
Thank you in advance for your response
Hugs
I make soaps and apply this amount for every 50 grams of oil, 2.5 grams of honey and I have no problems.
I made a mistake when I took the recipe, and I put the same amount of water as oil, leaving a liquid part below what is supposed to be the soap.
Is there any way to fix this mess?
No se complique la vida para hacer jabon yo lo hajo y mesale bien echo por litro de aceite de cocinar osea sobrado de jiradol o oliva 200 grams de sosa caustica y 150 de agua y mesale perfecto para linpiar y lo rayo para lavadora y si quieres hacer para suelos o saneamientos decuarto baño en un litro de aceite echas 250 sosa y 400de agua esa es la hinformación desde mi abuela hasta mi madre y hacian jabon para todos los vecinos
Very good explanation, congratulations
But I would like to know if you put any kind of fragrance, how do I calculate the amount of fragrance?
Thank you
Hello, I bought soda and it is for unclogging pipes, supposedly it is between 14 and 25 x percent purity, how to calculate, for one litre of oil.
good evening, I would like to make my soaps with aloe vera and pure coconut oil, what proportions should I use?
the easiest way is to use a calculator to make soap, you put in the oils or fats you are going to use and it tells you the soda and the water, there is also a video to learn how to use it.
Hello Monik, how much caustic soda to use if it is used with used oil?
Hello, a great article that nevertheless raises a doubt in my mind. The ratios are given in grams for soda and in millilitres for fats; this, taking into account that they do not have density 1, i.e. that a litre does not weigh a kilo, means that the proportions vary quite a lot if we do it one way or the other. I would like to know that it is certain that the formula is applied to the capacity and not to the mass of the fats. Thank you
In the book by J.J. Solis, the formulas are explained in percentages to be diluted in water even if they are solids. In this case, I do not know how to calculate the % when they are solids such as caustic soda, urea, common salt, etc.
Someone to support me.
Grax
Good afternoon. I am making liquid detergent.
How much caustic soda flakes should I apply to 100 litres of water, so that the other chemicals do not lose their properties?
Thank you in advance, Carlos Seguel.
Hello, I am making soaps but I have a very high pH. ....
I want to harden a soap base made of glycerine, so I am using soda,
I apply the formula and put less soda than it says... example: 6 grs of olive oil.
6×0.136= 0.816 Of this 0.8 I'm only using 0.5
water 6x.30=1.8
glycerine soap base 120 grs.
Can you explain why I get such a high ph, please?
Hello I ask... can you put beer instead of water? Would I have to first dissolve the caustic soda with water and then mix with the beer..as in the case of milk? Thank you.
Hello good evening, I would like to learn how to make soaps, but I want to know how to calculate how much caustic soda I should use because the caustic soda I got is liquid (for plumbing), it will be useful for soap making.
Edgar good afternoon. Will you have the formula for.realizar liquid soap for clothes. Type plus colour. Thank you in advance
Hi! I did a course on handmade soaps and the teacher had rice water to dissolve the soda, and indicated that it could also be herbal water... I did the process at home... I let demineralised water soak with rice and after adding the soda I got a very thick mixture. I'm a bit afraid to use it with the oils.
Of course you can make soap with milk, it can be cow's or goat's milk (otherwise how do they sell these soaps on the market) and it is the same amount of liquid. So that the reaction of the sodium hydroxide and the sugar in the milk does not leave any dark spots. The milk is weighed and then frozen and then the soda is added. For liquid washing machine soap, potassium hydroxide is used, but the quantity is different.
sorry, how many units of soap do I get for all the equivalences described above?
Thank you very much for the information.
How lard can I make soaps?
And what would be its saponification index?
We all have a degree of ignorance and if it were not so there would be no need to go to school and university we would have the wisdom to give answers.
For he who does not live to serve is not fit to live. No one was born learned, and he who knows did not know.
Good morning my question is the following I want to make soaps but I only get 10% liquid caustic soda, how much should I use per litre of olive oil?
Super, thank you very much for the explanation, it is very easy to understand.
HELLO! Is it possible to make the soap without overfatting and once the process is finished add that percentage of oil?
thank you very much for your trouble and the article is very good and well explained.
hello thank you for your post
for washing machine soap as it would be without the 10%
hello, what I don't understand is why you are getting grams of NAOH, when you are multiplying ml with the saponification index, which has the units mg/g. Could it be that the index is dimensionless?
I have the same doubt. I have checked on youtube in some videos and they don't give any explanation.
Hello, my question is: I have 50%..... liquid caustic soda, can it be used to make soaps? what quantity of soda and water should I use for 500 ml of olive oil? .... does liquid soda react the same when mixed with water as dry soda?
Hello, I have 50% liquid caustic soda, how much water and soda should I use for 500 ml of olive oil, I would appreciate your help ..... thank you.
The reasoning behind the calculations is correct, but there is a very important detail that changes the proportions considerably: the quantity of oil must be expressed in WEIGHT, not in volume, i.e. in grams not in millilitres! 0.136 is the saponification index for 1 gram of olive oil, not for a millilitre. The density of the oil is well below unity, in the order of 0.916, possibly lower depending on the temperature and possibly lower for recycled oil. If we establish the proportions of soda by applying them to the volume, we will have a soap somewhat loaded with soda, suitable for cleaning but not very recommendable for the skin. It is not necessary to calculate density and complicate the formulas, easy, 136 grams of soda for 1 KILO of olive oil. From there you apply the desired overfatting rate, desired proportion of water, concentration, etc.
Hi, why don't you recommend not to make 100% soaps from castor oil, I read that it accelerates the trace, what does this mean and what is wrong with it?
Great information
THANKS FOR SHARING
Hello, a question how to calculate the amount of soda or caustic soda for an oil that is used (since it has already been used once or twice) for laundry soap, does the caustic soda vary?
Thank you
Hi, when you use one olive oil, 80% and 20 corn those are mixture. How is it calculated?
The saponification index of olive oil is: 0.135; so, multiply the weight (in grams) of the olive oil by 0.136 and the result is what you will need of caustic soda (but in grams).
As with the corn oil, weigh it in grams and multiply it by its saponification index, which is 0.136, and the result gives you the amount of caustic soda you are going to use, also in grams. Now add the resulting amounts of both the olive oil and the corn oil and you have the total amount of caustic soda to use.
This soda is combined with 30% of the total weight of the oils to be used.
I believe that any extra elements you want to add, such as: scented essences, colouring or something else in small quantities, should be added when you have made the mixture of soda, water and oil or grease.
If we want to add milk in larger quantities, as the composition of this milk is fat + water among other things, you must first whisk it with the oil or fat that you are going to use, this being the total fat to calculate the soda and the water.
Hello good morning, I have a couple of questions
- I want to make soap with used oil, to make the NaOH calculation, does the saponification index change as it is a used oil or do I calculate according to the table.
-my idea for the soap is also to add aloe vera, can the weight of this aloe gel replace the amount of water?
-que %de aditivos esta permitido (aloe vera)
Greetings
You would need to convert (have) the amount of oil IN GRAMS and then multiply it by the Saponification Index to get the amount of soda in grams needed.
Hello please if the soda is liquid and not solid how do I make the calculation ? Thank you, I am very grateful for your help.
Please answer about how much liquid soda is used.
Hi I have a question if someone could answer me it would be great is it me or the guy has made a mistake adding and subtracting ? Why his formulas don't add up according to my mobile calculator help ☺️☺️💗
Hello, can you help me please ?
If for a dry skin the. Formula is (1-0.1)=0.90
So far so good
But if I want to use it for normal skin, what would the formula be? Thank you very much for helping me
Hello I want to know if it is the same amount of caustic soda using lard, greetings and I hope for a prompt response.
Hello ...I am Cuban and I like the theme of being able to make my own quality soaps at home, even for the shortage that we have today in the markets, I was reading and learning from you, I have a doubt ...the caustic soda that I find in Cuba is liquid and I am told that it is produced at 50% ...someone could help me with the calculations and explain a little ...if possible by mail .... ronnyyurisander@gmail.com as we can't always be online to check the posts. Thank you
You still have to reduce to 27% for toilet soap.
Hello
I have a doubt, how can I know that the saponification is well done and that there are no traces of soda? Sometimes the soaps come out with small stains as if they were rust.
Thank you
Best regards